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California’s Approach to Literacy and Biliteracy

California’s research-based approach to literacy and biliteracy emphasizes equitable, evidence-based instruction and support systems to ensure all students develop strong literacy skills and graduate fully literate and prepared for future success.

California Literacy Home | California's Approach to Literacy & Biliteracy | Standards, Learning Foundations & Frameworks | Instructional Guidance & Materials | Screening & Assessments | Grants & Funding | Professional Learning & Webinars

California's approach to literacy and biliteracy builds on decades of educational research applicable to our culturally and linguistically rich and diverse student population, including the science of reading/literacy and the science of learning and development. California’s intentional approach to literacy promotes carefully sequenced initial instruction, appropriate practice and reinforcement, intervention as necessary, and meaningful application in English language arts (ELA), English language development (ELD), and literacy in all content areas. It values equally the development of knowledge and skills in each area of the language arts and their use across disciplines, including world languages, based on students’ identified assets and assessed needs. The approach recognizes the critical importance of ensuring that all students have access to joyful, motivating, linguistically and culturally affirming, and developmentally appropriate literacy experiences that lead to strong content knowledge and effective communication skills.

California’s approach to literacy and biliteracy promotes evidence-based instruction that teaches foundational literacy skills—print concepts, phonological/phonemic awareness, phonics and word recognition, and fluency— alongside oral language development, vocabulary, comprehension, writing, speaking, and listening skills. Integrated and designated ELD instruction are incorporated for identified English learner students and opportunities for the development of biliteracy are provided for all. Students with reading difficulties and students with exceptional needs receive supplemental and intensified academic supports to maximize their learning. The learning progress and literacy outcomes for all students are carefully monitored and prioritized within a system of instruction, curriculum, and assessment that is coherent and effective.

As a dynamic state with extraordinary global influence and unsurpassed cultural and linguistic resources, California is committed to ensuring students are reading by third grade and are fully literate when they graduate from high school. Reading by Third Grade and Beyond is a key part of State Superintendent Tony Thurmond’s Transforming School Initiatives.

Explore the links above for California literacy policy, guidance documents, policies, resources, funding programs, and professional learning supports for educators and educational partners.

Questions:   California Statewide Literacy Office | statewideliteracycampaign@cde.ca.gov
Last Reviewed: Tuesday, September 1, 2026
Recently Posted in California Literacy
  • Grants and Funding (added 01-Sep-2026)
    Highlights state and federal initiatives that provide funding and support to expand literacy instruction, coaching, and intervention efforts.
  • Professional Learning and Webinars (added 01-Sep-2026)
    Offers professional development opportunities, including the Literacy Professional Development Program, webinar series, and training resources, to build educator capacity in literacy instruction.
  • Literacy Roadmap (added 01-Sep-2026)
    Guidance to help educators apply the ELA/ELD Framework, navigate resources and professional learning opportunities available to implement effective literacy instruction, and improve literacy outcomes for all students.
  • Screening and Assessments (added 01-Sep-2026)
    Provides guidance and resources to support California’s Screening for Risk of Reading Difficulties requirements, including approved screening instruments, implementation tools, assessment information, and early intervention supports for students.
  • Standards, Learning Foundations and Frameworks (added 01-Sep-2026)
    California’s standards, learning foundations, and frameworks establish expectations for student learning, describe early learning and development, and provide guidance for implementing high-quality instruction.

  • Instructional Guidance and Materials (added 01-Sep-2026)
    California’s literacy instructional guidance and materials, including the California Literacy Roadmap, provide resources and supports to translate California’s literacy vision and standards into effective classroom practice for all learners.
  • California’s Approach to Literacy and Biliteracy (added 01-Sep-2026)
    California’s research-based approach to literacy and biliteracy emphasizes equitable, evidence-based instruction and support systems to ensure all students develop strong literacy skills and graduate fully literate and prepared for future success.