Non-congregate Meal Service Options in Rural Areas

This management bulletin provides guidance on rural non-congregate meal service options in the Summer Food Service Program (SFSP) and Seamless Summer Option (SSO), collectively referred to as the Summer Meal Programs (SMP). This MB supersedes MB SNP-05-2024 SFSP-06-2024 released in April 2024.

Background

On December 29, 2023, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the Interim Final Rule: Establishing the Summer Electronic Benefits Transfer Program and Rural Non-congregate Option in the Summer Meal Programs available at https://www.fns.usda.gov/summer/fr-122923.

The interim final rule (IFR) codified permanent rural non-congregate summer meal service for both the SFSP and the SSO where no congregate meal service is available. In addition to the interim final rule, the USDA has also issued additional guidance including Questions and Answers policy memos. This guidance can be located on the USDA Non-congregate Summer Meal Service web page at https://www.fns.usda.gov/sfsp/non-congregate.

Non-congregate Meal Service Option in Rural Areas

With approval from the California Department of Education (CDE), SMP operators may provide non-congregate meal services in rural areas.

Non-congregate meal service is a food service model in which meals are provided for children to consume off site. Non-congregate meal service must only be operated at sites designated as rural and without simultaneous "congregate meal service,” as determined in 7 CFR 225.6(h)(3) and 7 CFR 225.6(h)(4).

To be approved to operate a non-congregate meal service, SMP operators must demonstrate administrative capability; have the capacity to meet state and local health, safety, and sanitation requirements; and, where applicable, have the adequate food preparation and holding facilities to serve non-congregate meals (7 CFR 225.16[b][5]). SFSP operators must conduct annual staff training on non-congregate operations as required in 7 CFR 225.6(e)(2)(iv)(A).

SMP operators must also have written internal controls for program accountability and operation of the program to comply with program requirements and prevent fraud, waste, and abuse (7 CFR 225.6[d][3]).

SMP operators may refer to the United States Government Accountability Office’s Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government at https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-14-704g.pdf for internal control practices.

Rural Site

SMP operators in good standing may be approved to provide a non-congregate meal service only if the meal site is located in a rural area. A rural site is defined as:

• Any area in a county which is not a part of a Metropolitan Statistical Area based on the Office of Management and Budget's Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas;
  
  
• Any area in a county classified as a non-metropolitan area based on USDA Economic Research Service's Rural-Urban Continuum Codes and Urban Influence Codes;
  
  
• Any census tract classified as a non-metropolitan area based on USDA Economic Research Service's Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes;
  
  
• Any area of a Metropolitan Statistical Area which is not part of a Census Bureau-defined urban area;
  
  
• Any area of a state which is not part of an urban area as determined by the secretary;
  
  
• Any subsequent substitution or update of the aforementioned classification schemes that Federal governing bodies create; or
  
  
• Any pocket within a Metropolitan Statistical Area which, at the option of the CDE and with approval from the USDA Food and Nutrition Services Western Region Office, is determined rural in character based on other data sources.

To determine if a summer meal site meets the rural definition, the USDA Rural Designation Map is available at https://www.fns.usda.gov/sfsp/rural-designation. SMP operators are required to retain documentation of rural status with their SMP site application. Once established, a rural designation is valid for five years (7 CFR 225.6[g]). 

Non-congregate Meal Service Options/Methods

Federal regulations allow for several non-congregate meal service methods for SMP operators in good standing. These options include multi-day issuance, parent/guardian meal pick up, bulk meals, and home delivery.

SMP operators who wish to opt-in to these meal service methods must report these options on the appropriate site application in the Child Nutrition Information and Payment System (CNIPS) and have written procedures in place to ensure program integrity while serving, distributing, and claiming meals under the respective summer meal program. All written procedures must reflect the process by which program accountability and integrity are maintained. Procedures must be on file at the feeding site and be made available to the CDE upon request. SMP operators must submit a signed Rural Non-congregate Program Integrity Plan with their non-congregate site applications.

Multi-Day Issuance

Federal regulations allow for SMP operators to distribute up to 10 calendar days of meals in one meal distribution at an approved non-congregate site (7 CFR 225.16[i][1]). SMP operators must have documented procedures in place to ensure that the proper number of meals are distributed to each eligible child and have a system in place to ensure duplicate meals are not distributed or claimed.

SMP operators must ensure that meals distributed contain the required food components for each reimbursable meal served, that meal counts are recorded at the point of service, and that meal distribution adheres to all local health and food safety requirements.

Meals must be distributed with written food safety and sanitation guidelines including but not limited to, instructions on meal storage and disposal, and refrigeration and heating (when applicable).

Bulk Meals

Approved self-preparation SMP operators may provide bulk food items that meet the minimum amounts of each food component of a reimbursable meal or snack. SMP operators must ensure that the required food components for each reimbursable meal are served. All food items that contribute to a reimbursable meal must be clearly identifiable and menus must be provided to participants, clearly indicating the food items and portion sizes for each reimbursable meal. Meal preparation such as heating and warming, must be minimal (7 CFR 225.16 [i][3]).

SMP operators must ensure that the maximum number of reimbursable meals provided to a child does not exceed the number of meals that could be provided over a 5-calendar day period.

SMP operators electing to use the bulk meal component flexibility, even if only offering one component in bulk, are limited to distributing a maximum of 5 days’ worth of meals unless the CDE has approved otherwise (SFSP 03-2025, SP 08-2025 Question 2).

Parent/Guardian Meal Pick Up

In accordance with 7 CFR 225.16(i)(2), approved SMP operators may distribute meals to parents or guardians to take home to their children. SMP operators electing this option must have written documented procedures in place, to ensure that meals are only distributed to parents or guardians of eligible children and that duplicate meals are not distributed. Procedures must be on file at the feeding site and made available to the CDE upon request.

A parent/guardian is an individual that maintains a caregiver relationship between themselves and the child on the day of the meal service (SFSP 08-2024, SP 15-2024 Question 26).

Individuals caring for groups of unrelated children formally enrolled in care are not considered guardians and cannot collect program meals on behalf of parents or guardians for children attending their childcare (SFSP-08-2024, SP 15-2024 Questions 26 and 27).

Home Delivery

Federal regulations allow for SMP operators to deliver non-congregate meals directly to a child’s residence, provided the residence is rural and area eligible. SMP operators are required to obtain and maintain written parental consent prior to providing meals to children in that household, as described in 7 CFR 225.14(d)(6). For the purposes of program monitoring, a child’s residence is not considered a non-congregate meal site (7 CFR 225.2).

Non-congregate home delivery may not be sent to daycare home programs, short term rentals, or vacation properties (SFSP 08-2024, SP 15-2024 Question 30).

The SMP operator approved to operate a non-congregate meal service using home delivery must be able to identify and invite households of eligible children to participate in the meal delivery service. The written consent from the eligible child’s parent or guardian could include a hard copy, email, or other electronic means of communication (SFSP 07-2024, SP 13-2024 Question 14). SMP operators must confirm the household’s current contact information, and the number of eligible children in the household to ensure the correct number of meals are delivered to the correction location (SFSP 07-2024, SP 13-2024 Question 14).

Federal regulations require that if an SMP operator is not a school food authority (SFA) and plans to obtain individual children’s program eligibility through free and reduced-price school meal eligibility data, then the SMP operators must enter into a written agreement or memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the SFA to use the data for this purpose (7 CFR 225.14[d][8]).

As an alternative to entering into a written agreement or MOU with the local SFA, non-SFA SMP operators may collect their own eligibility data using the household application procedures outlined in program regulations at 7 CFR 225.15(f) to identify eligible children in non-area eligible areas (SFSP 07-2024, SP 13-2024 Question 14). Operators must protect the confidentiality of participants and their households throughout the process and ensure proper handling and storage of student data in accordance with the National School Lunch Act and SFSP regulations (7 CFR 225.15[f] through [l]).

Meal Service Options for Summer Meal Sites

Urban sites are required to serve congregate meals. Rural sites can be approved by the CDE to provide either a congregate or a non-congregate meal service. These meal service options are further defined below and in 7 CFR 225.2.

Congregate Meal Service

A congregate meal service is a food service in which meals are provided to children to be consumed on site in a supervised setting.

Non-congregate Meal Service

A non-congregate meal service is a food service in which meals are provided for children to consume all the components off site. Non-congregate meal service must only be operated at sites designated as rural with no "congregate meal service,” as determined in 7 CFR 225.6(h)(3) and 7 CFR 225.6(h)(4).

Hybrid Sites

The CDE may approve sites to operate a hybrid site, which is a site that meets the definition of a rural site and elects to provide both congregate and non-congregate meal services (7 CFR 225.6[h][4]). The CDE must ensure that the proposed site meets applicable site approval requirements at 7 CFR 225.6(h) and that the proposed site will only conduct a non-congregate meal service when the site is not providing a congregate meal service. The SMP operator must also have an organized and supervised system which prevents overlap between meal services and reasonably ensures children are not receiving more than the daily maximum allowance of meals as required in 7 CFR 225.16(b)(3).

Examples of how sites can offer both congregate and non-congregate meal services include, but are not limited to:

• A site that only offers breakfast through a congregate meal service may be approved to provide a lunch through non-congregate meal service.
  
  
• A congregate site that serves congregate lunch and breakfast three days a week may be approved to provide non-congregate meals for days with no congregate service, including weekends.
  
  
• A congregate site that operates in the month of July may be approved to provide non-congregate meals for the 10-day period following their last congregate meal service day, provided that 10 days are included in the site’s approved service period (SFSP 07-2024, SP 13-2024 Question 8).
  

Conditional Non-congregate Site

A conditional non-congregate site is a site designated as rural that conducts a non-congregate meal service for eligible children in an area that does not meet the definition of areas in which poor economic conditions exist and is not a camp.

Sites requesting to operate as a conditional non-congregate site must make individual eligibility determinations for each child to get reimbursement. SFSP operators can charge for meals provided to children who are not determined to be eligible for free or reduced-price meals at conditional non-congregate sites.

Compliance and Program Integrity Requirements

SMP operators are required to accurately report site information to the CDE, including properly classifying the site type and eligibility data in each site application in the CNIPS (7 CFR 225.6[a][3]). Documentation demonstrating that the eligibility requirements for each site are met, as outlined in sections 225.2 and 225.6(g) of 7 CFR, must be retained with the SMP operators' records and made available upon request.

The CDE requires a Rural Non-congregate Program Integrity Plan for SMP operators as part of the non-congregate meal service approval process (SFSP 08-2024, SP 15-2024 Question 16). Non-congregate Program Integrity Plans must be submitted to the CDE no later than April 1 of the corresponding program year. Incomplete plans will not be accepted. The integrity plan template is available on the CNIPS Download Forms page under the following:

• SFSP operators: Form ID SFSP 36
• SSO operators: Form ID SSO 2

As part of the administrative review process, the CDE may conduct unannounced site visits during any time of program operations. If noncompliance is identified, it may affect an SMP operator’s future participation in the SMPs. Meals that are identified to be out of compliance with program regulations may be disallowed, which could result in fiscal penalties against the SMP operator.

Resources

SMP operators must utilize the USDA Rural Designation Map to identify sites eligible to offer non-congregate summer meals. The map is available at https://www.fns.usda.gov/sfsp/rural-designation.

For more information about site types, including how to determine area eligibility for participating sites, please review SFSP management bulletin SFSP-04 2024 available at https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu/sf/mbsfsp042024.asp.

Please visit the USDA Non-congregate Summer Meal Service web page for a complete listing of USDA guidance documents and resources at https://www.fns.usda.gov/sfsp/non-congregate.

Contact Information

If you have any questions regarding this subject, please contact the Summer Nutrition Programs and Grants Unit by email at SFSP@cde.ca.gov.